• Dysfunction of the ubiquitin proteasome

  2021-04-21

  

  Dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system causes abnormal organelle morphology and impairs sperm formation and maturation steps resulting in male infertility [[7], [8], [9]]; this indicates that ubiquitination is essential for spermatogenesis and sperm function during fertilization. β-catenin i

• As mentioned above there are two major pathways for

  2021-04-21

  

  As mentioned above, there are two major pathways for the DSB repair in mammalian cells, NHEJ and HR/HDR (homology-directed repair) [13], [51]. NHEJ is active throughout the cell cycle, predominately during the G0 and G1 phases and is considered the major pathway for the DSB repair in human cells [52

• br Material and methods br

  2021-04-21

  

  Material and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements S. De thanks DST, New Delhi for generous grant of the SERC Fast Track Scheme No. SR/FT/CS-057/2008. R. Kundu thanks the University of Kalyani for financial assistance. We are grateful to Prof. K. Bhattacharyya of IA

• 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol br Authors contributions br Ackno

  2021-04-21

  

  Authors’ contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Retinoic 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol is a key signalling molecule in healthy development and in differentiation of stem cells, albeit uncontrolled levels of retinoic acid can lead to mutagenesis [1]. In eukaryotes retinoic acid is made by

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2021-04-21

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion CDK4 has been identified recently as a potential therapeutic target in human breast cancer, liposarcoma, melanoma, and glioblastoma [[37], [38], [39]]. Due to the importance of CDK4 activity in cancer cells, CDK4 inhibitors have emerged as promising

• The inhibition of FAS by C produces an accumulation

  2021-04-21

  

  The inhibition of FAS by C75 produces an accumulation of malonyl-CoA which is difficult to reconcile with the activation of CPT1 reported by others [2], [16], [17], [18]. To unravel this paradox the mechanism of action of C75 needs to be examined. We recently demonstrated that C75 is converted in v

• In the last and the most challenging part three

  2021-04-21

  

  In the last and the most challenging part, three mixtures were selected to evaluate the reliability of the presented correlation and the CPA model. For Athabasca bitumen, Amani et al. [25] measured the experimental data at very high temperatures compared to the thermal recovery range up to 644 K (ne

• Introduction The COMT gene is located on chromosomal band

  2021-04-21

  

  Introduction The COMT gene is located on chromosomal band 22q11.2, extends over 28 kb, contains six exons, and encodes for catechol-O-methyl-transferase (Weinshilboum and Raymond, 1977; Grossman et al., 1992; Lundström et al., 1995; Bearden et al., 2005). This enzyme plays a major role in regulatio

• br Results and discussion br

  2021-04-20

  

  Results and discussion Conclusion Based on the structure of ThDP, in this study, a series of novel ThDP analogs 6a-6g and 8a-8g were designed by optimizing triazole-benzene linker and modifying the substituent group of triazole ring. Then they were synthesized as potential inhibitors of Cy-PDH

• These data from developing brain

  2021-04-20

  

  These data from developing Copanlisib are in contrast to noradrenergic receptor regulation in the adult brain. In adult animals, a persistent increase in the α2-AR high affinity state is elicited as a result of DSP-4 lesion or reserpinization, as measured by [3H]clonidine binding to membrane prepar

• It is conceivable however that the distortion induced by ado

  2021-04-20

  

  It is conceivable, however, that the distortion induced by adozelesin in dsDNA may decrease the processivity of the translocating RecBCD enzyme so that it dissociates more frequently from adducted DNA relative to unmodified DNA. Premature termination from the DNA would also produce partially unwound

• Of the acidic hydroxyazoles involved hydroxypyrazole had

  2021-04-20

  

  Of the acidic hydroxyazoles involved, hydroxypyrazole had the weakest acidic profile (pKa in the range of 6–7), although highly deprotonated at physiological pH. During hit optimization, the two pyrazole ring positions available for substitution provide an opportunity for a better exploration of the

• br Results br Discussion Prostate cancer

  2021-04-20

  

  Results Discussion Prostate cancer dissemination and skeletal metastases represent major therapeutic challenges. Once the skeletal metastasis occurs, the incurable patient could just be symptomatically treated to alleviate the pain. Therefore it is of great necessity to disclose the molecular

• Interferon IFN induces formation of a

  2021-04-20

  

  Interferon (IFN)-γ induces formation of a heterotetrameric, IFN-gamma-activated inhibitor of translation (GAIT) complex in human monocytic Iohexol (Mazumder et al., 2003a, Sampath et al., 2004). The complex binds a bipartite stem-loop element in the 3′UTR of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF

• Introduction Tumor necrosis factor TNF is a pro inflammatory

  2021-04-20

  

  Introduction Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pro-inflammatory mediator with the capacity to induce apoptosis (Benderska et al., 2012). Recent reports have shown that TNF might trigger cell death, at least in part, by directly affecting the reorganization of the M344 receptor cytoskeleton (Campos e

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